gz;ila vfpg;J gw;wp Fh;Mdpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s tuyhw;W cz;ikfs; rkPg fhyk; tiu njhpahky; ,Ue;J te;eJ. Fh;MdpYs;s xt;nthU nrhy;Yk; fz;bg;ghf kpfg;ngUk; Qhdj;jhy; mUsg;gl;lJ vd;gij vkf;F nrhy;fpd;wd.
`hkhd; vd;w ngah; ghNuh kd;ddpd; my;yJ gph;mt;d; kd;dDld; ,izj;Nj Fh;Mdpy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. mtuJ ngah; Fh;Mdpy; MW ,lq;fspy; $Wg;glLs;sJ. ,th; ghNuh (gph;mt;d;) kd;dDf;F neUf;fkhdth;fspy; xUtuhf ,Ue;jjhh;.
NkhNr my;yJ %rh egpapd; tuyhw;iw $Wtjhf nrhy;Yk; Njhuh my;yJ jt;uhj; Ntjj;jpy; `hkhdpd; ngah; Fwpg;gplg;glhik tpag;ghfNt ,Uf;fpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk; `hkhdpd; ngah; gioa Vw;ghl;bd; filrp mj;jpahaq;fspy; %rh egpf;F 1100 Mz;LfSf;F gpwF ,];Nuypah;fis nfhLik nra;j ghgpNyhdpa kd;dDf;F cjtpahsh; vd;W $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
jt;uhj;ijAk; iggpisAk; ghh;j;J jhd; J}jh; K`k;kJ Fh;Mid tbtikj;jhh; vd;W thjhLk; rpy Vf ,iwtid kWg;gth;fs;> mth; efy; vLf;Fk; NghJ Fh;Mdpy; rpytw;iw gpioahf vOjptpl;lhh; vd;W $Wfpwhh;fs;.
,e;j ngha; gpur;rhuj;ij 200 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dh; gz;ila vfpg;jpa FwpaPl;L nkhopia nkhopngah;f;fg;gl;L mjpYs;s Fwpg;Gfspy; `hkhd vd;w ngah; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l gpd;dh; mth;fsJ thjk; ngha;ahdJ vd ep&gdkhdJ..
,e;j fz;Lgpbg;GfSf;F Kd;dh; gz;ila vfpg;jpa nkhop nkhopg;ngahf;fg;glhky; ,Ue;jJ. gz;ila vfpg;jpa nkhop FwpaPLfshf ,Ue;jJ. mJ gy E}w;whz;Lfs; tof;fpy; ,Ue;jJ. ,Ug;gpDk; fpwp];jt kjj;jpd; tsh;r;rpahYk; kw;iwa fyhr;rhu jhf;fq;fshYk; fp.gp. 2 kw;Wk; 3 E}w;whz;Lfspy; vfpg;J gioa ek;gpf;iffisAk; FwpaPl;L nkhopiaAk; Jwe;jJ. filrpahf ,e;j nkhop fp.gp.394 Mz;L vOjg;gl;l fy;ntl;by; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. mjd; gpwF ,e;j FwpaPl;L nkhop kiwe;jJ. mij vtuhYk; thrpf;f my;yJ Ghpe;J nfhs;s Kbahj epiy Vw;gl;lJ. ,Jjhd; filrp 200 Mz;Lfs; tiuAKs;s epiyahFk;.
gz;ila vfpg;jpa FwpaPLfs; 1799 Mz;L fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l nuh]l;lh vd;w fp.K. 196k; Mz;L fhyfl;lj;ij Nrh;e;j fy;ntl;lhy; mjd; kh;kk; jPh;f;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j fy;ntl;bYs;s Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd;dntd;why; mJ %d;W ntt;NtW tbtq;fspy; vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ: FwpaPLfs;> nlNkhbf; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk; gz;ila ,yFthf;fg;gl;l vOj;Jfs; kw;Wk; fpNuf;fk; MfpadthFk;. fpNuf;f Fwpg;Gfspd; cjtpNahL gz;ila vfpg;jpa vOj;Jfs; nkhop ngah;f;fg;gl;ld. ,e;j fy;ntl;bYs;sitfs; [Pd; gpuhd;]p]; nrk;Nghypad; vd;w gpuQ;R ehl;ltuhy; nkhopngah;f;fg;gl;ld. mjpYs;s kwf;fg;gl;l nkhopAk; Vida epfo;TfSk; ntspr;rj;jpw;F nfhz;Ltug;gl;ld. ,Nj Kiwapy; gz;ila vfpg;jpd; fyhr;rhuk;> kjk; kw;Wk; r%f tho;if vd;gd njhpate;jJ.
,e;j gz;ila FwpaPLfis nkhopngah;jjd; %yk; xU Kf;fpa tplak; njhpate;jJ. `hkhd; vd;w ngah; vfpg;jpa fy;ntl;Lfspy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j ngaiu tpad;dhtpYs;s n`hg; mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpy; ghh;itf;F itf;fg;gl;Ls;s fy;ntl;by; fhzyhk;.(1)
fy;ntl;Lfis Muha;e;J mjd; %yk; jahh; nra;ag;gl;l 'gPgs; ,d;j ept; fpq;lk;"; vd;w mfuhjpapy; `hkhd; vd;w nrhy;Yf;F 'fy; njhopw;rhiyapy; Ntiy nra;gth;fspd; jiyth;" vd;W $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. (2)
,jd; KbT Kf;fpakhd xU tplaj;ij nrhy;fpwJ. Fh;Mid gw;wpa vjphpfspd; ngha;ahd gpur;rhuk; Nghd;wy;yhJ> `hkhd; %rh egpapd; fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j xUth;. mth; ghNuh (gph;mt;d;) kd;dDf;F neUq;fpatuhf> Fh;Mdpy; $wg;gl;Ls;sthW fl;ll Ntisapy; gq;F gw;wpapUe;jhh;.
NkYk; Fh;Mdpy; $wg;gl;Ls;sthW gph;mt;d; `hkhDf;F ngUk; khspif xd;iw fl;LkhW fl;lisapl;lJk; ,d;iwa etPd mfo;thuha;r;rpapdhy; ngwg;gl;l KbTfNshL cld;gLtij fhzyhk;.
,d;Dk; /gpHmt;d; nrhd;dhd; 'gpuKfHfNs! vd;idj;jtpu cq;fSf;F NtnwU ,iwtd; ,Uf;fpd;whd; vd;gjhf ehd; mwpatpy;iy. Mjypd;> `hkhNd! fspkz; kPJ vdf;fhfj; jPia%l;b (nrq;fw;fs; nra;J) gpwF vdf;fhf XH (caukhd) khspifiaf; fl;Lthahf! (mjd; Nky; Vwp) ehd; %]htpd; ,iwtidg; ghHf;f Ntz;Lk; - NkYk; epr;rakhf ehd; ,tiu ngha;aHfspy; epd;WKs;stH" vd;Nw fUJfpd;Nwd;. (]_uj;Jy; f]];: 38)
,Wjpahf gz;ila vfpg;jpa fy;ntl;Lfspy; `hkhdpd; ngah; ,Ug;gJ Fh;Mid ngha;ahf;f epidj;jth;fspd; thjq;fis ngha;ahf;fpaJld; Fh;Md; my;yh`;tplkpUe;J jhd; te;jJ vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ. mjprakhd Kiwapy;> K`k;kJ egpapd; fhyj;jpy; mwpaKbahj my;yJ ngw;wpwhj tuyhw;W Fwpg;Gfis Fh;Md; $WfpwJ
Ma;tpy; cjtpait
1. Walter Wreszinski, Aegyptische Inschriften aus dem K.K. Hof Museum in Wien, 1906, J. C. Hinrichs' sche Buchhandlung
2. Hermann Ranke, Die Ägyptischen Personennamen, Verzeichnis der Namen, Verlag Von J. J. Augustin in Glückstadt, Band I, 1935, Band II, 1952
