Mf];l; 2005

etk;gh; 2006

`hUd; a`;ah vd;w Gidg; ngaUf;F nrhe;jf;fhuh; mj;dhd; xf;jhh;.

1956k; Md;L md;fuhtpy; gpwe;jhh;. mj;dhd; xf;jhh; JUf;fp ehl;il rhh;e;j rpe;jidahsh;. ed;dlj;ij kf;fSf;F KOikahf Nghjpf;Fk; nghUl;L jdJ tho;ifia mh;gzpj;Js;shh;. xf;jhh; mtuJ rpe;jid hPjpahd Nghuhl;lj;ij 1979k; Mz;L kpkhh; gy;fiyfofj;jpy; fiyapay; fw;ifapNyNa Muk;gpj;Jtpl;lhh;. mtuJ fy;Y}hp tho;ifapd; NghJ mtiu Rw;wp fhzg;gl;l ehj;jpf rpj;jhe;jq;fs; kw;Wk; Nfhl;ghLfis kpf EZf;fkhf Muha;e;jhh;. mjd; tpisthf mf; Nfhl;ghLfspd; Nghypahd Njhw;wj;ij EZf;fkhf njhpe;J nfhz;lhh;. ,e;j EZf;fkhd mwptpd; fhuzkhf ghpzhk tsh;r;rp Nfhl;ghl;bd; gpiofis gy Gj;jfq;fshf ntspapl;llhh;. mtuJ lhh;tpdprk; my;yJ ghpzhk tsh;r;rp Nfhl;ghl;bw;F vjpuhd rpe;jid Nghuhl;lk; cyfyhtpa hPjpapy; ghuhl;il ngw;Ws;sJ. epA+ rapd;b]; vd;w ehj;jpf rQ;rpif > mjd; Vg;uy; 22 > 2000 gjpg;gpy; > xf;jhh; rh;tNjr ehafd; vd;W ghuhl;bAs;sJ. Mrphpahpd; ehj;jpf kw;Wk; ghpzhk tsh;r;rp Nfhl;ghl;bw;F vjpuhd rpe;jid Nghuhl;lkhdJ National Geographic, Science, New Scientist and NSCE Reports Nghd;w ehj;jpf ntspaPfspy; mbf;fb Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ.

2004 etk;gh; khj ne\dy; [pNahfpugp (National Geographic) mjd; Mq;fpy kw;Wk; n[h;kdpa gjpg;gpy; Mrphpahpd; gilg;Gfspd; cz;ik vd;w Mf;fj;ij Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. mjpy; The Evolution Deceit vd;w Gj;jfj;jpd; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s "cyf rf;jpfs; ghpzhk tsh;r;rp Nfhl;ghL vDk; ngha;ia vk;kpy; tYf;fgl;lhakhf jpzpj;Js;sd" vd;gijAk; Fwpg;pl;Ls;sJ.

Mrphpah; rpNahdprk; > ehj;jpfk; gw;wpAk; cyf murpay; kw;Wk; tuyhw;wpy; mJ Vw;gLj;jpa Nkhrkhf jhf;fq;fis; njhlh;ghf gy Mf;fq;fis ntspapl;Ls;shh;. A+jh;fs; kl;LNk ,iwtdpdhy; njhpT nra;ag;gl;l kf;fs; vd;Wk;> kw;w kdpjh;fs; midtUk; vd;w rpNahdprthjpfspd; mbg;gilaw;w rpe;jidfis njhlh;ghf gy Mf;fq;fis ntspaplLs;shh;. mjpy; A+jh;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l vy;yif;Fs; tho chpikaw;wth;fs; vd;w rpe;jidia Mrphpahpd; vOj;Jfspy; Fwpg;gplf;fltpy;iy.

Vg;uy; 2007

mtuJ Gid ngauhd `hUd; (`hUd; egp) kw;Wk; a`;ah (a`;ah egp) ngah;fis nfhz;Ls;sJ. mth;fsJ kf;fs; ek;gpf;if Fiwe;;jth;fshf ,Ue;j Ntiyapy; mth;fis jpUj;Jtjw;fhf ,t;tpuz;L kpfg;ngUk; Jhjh;fSk; kpf fbdkhf cioj;jhh;fs;.

`hUd; a`;ahtpd; Mf;fq;fs; ,Jtiu 41 nkhopfspYk; 45000 gf;fq;fs; 30000 gjpg;Gfshf ntspte;Js;sd. ,e;jpah Kjy; mNkhpf;fh tiuapYk; ,q;fpyhe;J Kjy; ,e;NjhNdrpah tiuapYk; Nghye;J Kjy; Ngh];dpah> ];ngapd; Kjy; gpNu]py; tiuapYk; kNyrpah Kjy; ,j;jhyp tiuapYk; gpuhd;]; Kjy; gy;Nfhpah kw;Wk; u\;ah tiuapYk; ngUk; thrfh;fis `hUd; a`;ah nfhz;Ls;shh;. mtuJ rpy Gj;jfq;fs; Mq;fpyk;> gpnuQ;R;> [h;kd;> ];ghdpa> Nghh;JfP]pa> ch;J> mNugpa> my;Ngdpa> rPd> ];th`pyp> `t;]h> jpNt`p (nkhhp\pa]; ehl;by; Ngrg;gLfpwJ)> u\;a> nrh;Ngh-Fnul; (ngh];dpad;)> Nghyp\;> kyha;> ca;Nfhh;> JUf;fp> ,e;NjhNdrpad;> ngd;fhyp> lhdp\;> Rtpb\;> Mfpa nkhopfspy; ntspte;Js;sd Mrphpahpd; midj;J Gj;jfq;fSk; jkpopy; nkhop khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;L kf;fSf;F gad;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj vkJ Fwpf;Nfhs;.

Mrphpahpd; midj;J Mf;fq;fSk; Fh;MNdhL KOikhahf xj;J Nghtij fhzyhk;. tpQ;Qhd fUj;Jfs; nghJthf rpf;fyhdit vd;W fUjg;gLgitfis kpf njspthf vLj;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,jd; fhuzkhf `hUd; a`;ahtpd; Mf;fq;fs; midj;J kf;fisAk; > midj;J tajpdiuAk; fth;fpwJ.

,iwtdpd; jdpj;jid;ikfs; > ek;gpf;if njhlh;ghd `hUd; a`;ahtpd; Gj;jfq;fs; > khh;f;fj;ij mwpahjth;fSf;F ,];yhj;ij mwpKfg;gLj;JtNjhL mth;fspd; ,jaq;fis cz;ikapd; gf;fk; xd;wpizg;gJkhFk;. K];ypk;fSf;F > ,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; advice as well as a reminder . Mrphpahpd; Mf;fq;fs; midj;Jk; Fh;Mdpd; fUj;Jfis mbg;gilahf nfhz;L vOjg;gl;Ls;sd

Mrphpahpd; tpQ;Qhdk; njhlh;ghd Mf;fq;fs; midj;Jk; kpf rpwpa mstpYk; ,iwtdpd; rf;jp > Mw;wy; kw;Wk; Gfio cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ mit midj;Jk; kpf EZf;fkhd Mrha;r;rpapd; KbthFk;. .,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; midj;Jk; K]ypk; my;yhj kf;fSf;F > ,iwtdpd; mj;jhl;rpfis vLj;Jiug;gNjhL > mtdJ mofpa gilg;Gfis kpf njspthf tpsf;FfpwJ. kWGwj;jpy; ghpzhkj;jpd; ngha;fis NjhYhpj;J fhl;Lk; ghpzhkk; njhlh;ghd Gj;jfq;fspd; kpf Kf;fpa Nehf;fk; 19k; E}w;whz;by; kjj;jpw;F vjpuhf cUthf;fg;gl;l ehj;jpf rpj;jhe;jq;fs; mopg;gjhFk;. thrpg;gth;fs; kPJ ,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; Vw;gLj;Jk; jhf;fq;fs; msg;ghpaJ.

,e;j Gj;jfq;fs;> Fh;Mdpd; nkhopapy; nrhy;tjhdhy; > "ehk; rj;jpaj;ij nfhz;L> mrj;jpaj;jpd; kPJ tPRfpNwhk;¢ mjdhy;> (rj;jpak; mrj;jpaj;jpd; rpuirr;) rpjwbj;JtpLfpwJ" (mj;jpahak; md;gpah :18) mjhtJ rpe;jid > ek;gpf;ifaw;w rpe;jid. ,jd; fhuzkhf ,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; ek;gpf;ifaw;w rpe;jidfSf;F vjpuhf ngUk; Nghul;lj;ij Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sd.

mtuJ Gj;jfj;jpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; egpfshhpd; Kj;jpiu mJ njhlh;Gila nra;jpfis nrhy;fpwJ. mJ Fh;Md; (filrp Ntj Ehy;) kw;Wk; ,Wjp J}juhd K`k;kJ (my;yh`;tpd; rhe;jp mth;fs; kPJ cz;lhtjhf) nra;jpfis nfhz;Ls;sJ. Fh;Md; kw;Wk; ]{d;dh`; (egpfshhpd; Nghjidfs;) mbg;gilapy; Vf ,iwtid kWg;gth;fspd; mbg;gil Nfhl;ghLfis jf;f Mjhuq;fis nfhz;L kWg;gij Ehyhrphpah; thbf;ifahf nfhz;Ls;shh;. mjd; %yk; mth;fs; tha;%b nra;tjwpahJ epw;fpd;wdh;. my;yh`; mUspa Qhdj;jhYk; jd;dpfhpy;yhj ed;dlj;ijahYk; vy;NyhiuAk; kpQ;rpa egpfshhpd; Kj;jpiuia gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; Vf ,iwtid kWg;gth;fspd; tha;fSf;F G+l;L Nghlg;gLfpd;wd.

`hUd; a`;ah njhlh;ghf NkYk; rpy thpfs;

Mrphpahpd; midj;J Gj;jfq;fspYk; > ek;gpf;if njhlh;ghd tplaqfs; midj;Jk; Fh;Md; kw;Wk; egpfshhpd; mofpa Kd;khjphpahd `jPj;fis ikakhf nfhz;L tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd; %yk; ,iwtdpd; trdq;fis gbj;J mjdbg;gilapy; tho miof;fg;Lfpwhh;fs;. ,iwtdpd; trdq;fs; midj;Jk; thrpg;gth;fspd; cs;sq;fspy; re;Njfq;fs; vohj tz;zk; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. midj;J taJ kf;fSk; gadila Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nehf;fpy; jkpo; nkhopia Kbe;j msT vspikahf;fpAs;Nshk;. Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw cz;ikia kWg;gth;fs; $l tpsq;Fk; tz;zk; kWf;f Kbahj cz;ikfis njspthf ,e;j Gj;jfj;jpy; vLjg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Mrphpahp;d; midj;J Gj;jfq;fs; midj;Jk; jdpahf gbf;fyhk; my;yJ FOf;fyhf mkhe;J gbf;fyhk;. ,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; %yk; gadila tpUk;Ggth;fs; fye;Jiuahly;fs; %yk; gadile;J nfhs;thh;fs;.Fh;Mdpd; nra;jpfis gug;GtJ> my;yh`;itAk; mtdJ jdpj;Jt jd;ikiaAk; mj;NjhL kWik Nghd;w mbg;gil ek;gpf;if rhh;e;j tplaq;fis kf;fs; thrpg;gij Jhz;LtNjhL Vf ,iwtid kWf;Fk; gytPdkhd mbg;gilaw;w rpj;jhe;jq;fspd; Kf%bia fpopg;gJ Nghd;witfNs `hUd; a`;ahtpd; Mf;fq;fspy; Kf;fpa Fwpf;Nfhs;fshFk; .

Nk 2007

,jw;F fhuzk; Fh;Mdpd; nfhz;Ls;s njspthd QhdkhFk; Ehyhrphpahpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; kdpj r%fj;ij my;yh`;tpd; cz;ikahd topapd; gf;fk; miog;gNjahFk;. ,e;j Mf;fq;fis gpuRhpg;gjd; %yk; vt;tpj cyf Mjhaq;fisAk; ngWtJ Nehf;fky;y.

kf;fis my;yh`;tpd; cz;ikahd mbikfshf khw;Wk; nghUl;L ,e;j Gj;jfq;fis kw;wth;fSf;F nfhLj;J thrpf;f Jhz;Lgth;fs; kpfg; ngUk; Nritia nra;fpwhh;fs; vd;gij kwe;J tpl $lhJ. mNjNeuk; kdq;fspy; Fog;gj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;> rpj;jje;j rPh;NfLfis gug;gp kf;fs; kdjpYs;s re;Njfq;fis ve;j tifapYk; ePf;fhj kw;w Gj;jfq;fis gug;GtJ Neuj;ijAk; rf;jpiaAk; tPzhf nryyopg;gij Nghd;wjhFk;. kf;fis ek;gpf;ifapd;ikapypUe;J fhg;ghw;WtJ vd;w rpwe;j Fwpf;Nfhs; ,y;yhky; Ehyhrphpahpd; Mw;wiy gpujpgypg;gjhf mike;Js;s Gj;jfq;fshy; xUNghJk; mj;jifa ngUk; ntw;wpia ngwKbahJ. `hUd; a`;ahtpd; gilg;Gfspg; ,ij re;Njfpg;gth;fs; thrfh;fspd; thf;F%yq;fis gbg;gjd; %yk; mth;fsJ re;Njfq;fis epth;j;jp nra;J nfhs;syhk;.

NkYk;> ,e;j Gj;jfq;fis thrpg;gJk; kw;wth;fSf;F nfhLj;J gadila nra;tJk; ePq;fs; khh;fj;jpw;F nra;Ak; khngUk; njhz;lhFk;. ,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; midj;Jk; ,iwtdpd; mUis kl;LNk vjph;;ghh;j;J vOjg;gl;Ls;sd.cyfk; KOtJk; ghuhl;il ngw;w ,e;j Mf;fq;fspd; %yk; gyh; my;yh`;it KOikahf ek;gp mth;fsJ ek;gpf;ifia tYT+l;Lfpwhh;fs;. mtuJ Gj;jfj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; mwptpaYk; mjDld; Nrh;e;Js;s ,yFthd nkhop eilAk; me;j Mf;fq;fs thrpg;giu epr;rak; ghjpf;Fk;. ,e;j Gj;jfq;fis ftdkhf gbg;gth;fs; ,jd; gpwF ehj;jpfj;ijNah my;yJ mij Nghd;w mbg;gilaw;w Nfhl;ghLfSf;fhf thjhl KbahJ. Vnddpy; ,e;j Gj;jfq;fs; kWf;f Kbahj thjq;fis Kd;itf;fpwJ. mj;jifa nfhs;iffspd; mbg;gil jj;Jtq;fis jfhj;j gpd;dUk; mt;thW mth;fs; njhlh;e;J thjhbdhy; mJ mth;fsJ gpbthjj;ijNa fhl;LfpwJ. jw;fhyj;jpYs;s Vf ,iwtid kWf;Fk; midj;J ,af;fq;fSk; `hUd; a`;ahtpd; Gj;jfq;fs; %yk; Nfhl;ghLfs; kw;Wk; rpj;jhe;j hPjpahf ntw;wp nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd.